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The scientific name is sodium carbonate, and the common names are soda ash, rock alkali, and detergent alkali. The chemical formula is Na? CO?, Belonging to salts, sodium carbonate containing ten crystal waters is a colorless crystal. The crystal water is unstable and easily weathered into white powder Na2CO3. It is a strong electrolyte with salt like properties and thermal stability, easily soluble in water, and its aqueous solution is alkaline.
Main ingredients: Pure product
Appearance and characteristics: White powder or fine particles (anhydrous pure product), astringent taste.
Main use: It is one of the important chemical raw materials used in the production of chemicals, cleaning agents, detergents, as well as in photography and pharmaceutical manufacturing.
Other physical and chemical properties:
The aqueous solution of sodium carbonate is strongly alkaline (pH=11.6) and has a certain degree of corrosiveness. It can undergo metathesis reactions with acids and also with some calcium and barium salts. There are three types of sodium carbonate containing crystal water: Na2CO3 · H2O, Na2CO3 · 7H2O, and Na2CO3 · 10H2O.
Strong stability, but can also decompose at high temperatures, producing sodium oxide and carbon dioxide.
Long term exposure to air can absorb moisture and carbon dioxide from the air, generate sodium bicarbonate, and form hard lumps.
The crystalline hydrate of sodium carbonate, caustic soda (Na2CO3 · 10H2O), is prone to weathering in dry air.